How Law Firms Miss Out on Major Tax Savings Without a Cash Balance Plan

Written by Author | Nov 20, 2025 9:27:15 AM

If your firm already makes 401(k) profit-sharing contributions, you can layer on a Cash Balance Plan without materially increasing what you must contribute to employees—meaning you’ve effectively already “covered the cost” needed to satisfy nondiscrimination testing.

Most Law Firm Partners Think Their Retirement Plan Is “Good Enough”

Most firms already have a 401(k) and may even offer profit sharing. Each year, the firm contributes meaningful dollars toward employee benefits, rewards the team, and checks the compliance box.

But here’s the part almost all partners miss:

You’re already paying for the cost structure that allows a Cash Balance Plan—you’re just not using it.

The employer dollars currently going to staff profit sharing are the same dollars that satisfy the employee inclusion requirements of a Cash Balance Plan (CB plan). In other words, the “expense” that partners assume is the barrier to a CB plan is already built into your budget.

The False Ceiling of a 401(k) + Profit Sharing

Most partners feel they’ve maxed out retirement planning when they:

  • Defer $23,000 ($30,500 if age 50+)
  • Receive $40,000–$60,000 in profit sharing

While helpful, this ceiling is low compared to the potential deductions available through a Cash Balance Plan. The structure you currently fund is the starting point, not the ending point.

You’re Doing the Hard Part Without the Reward

Many firms assume that offering a CB plan means giving “extra” benefits to employees. In reality:

Your current profit-sharing contributions already satisfy the employee benefits a CB plan would require.

Yet none of that spending is unlocking the six-figure deduction potential for partners.

A CB plan does not necessarily increase staff costs; it reorganizes what you’re already spending into a structure that creates dramatically larger partner deductions.

What Your Firm Is Likely Already Funding

Most professional practices contribute 10–15% of staff payroll to profit sharing. For a small law firm, this often means:

  • $15,000–$25,000 annually going toward staff
  • Enough to satisfy nondiscrimination, minimum benefits, and inclusion rules that both 401(k) and CB plans share

You’ve already absorbed what most firms think is the “extra cost” of a CB plan.

The structure is funded—the design simply isn’t optimized.

A Simple Example (Numbers That Surprise Most Partners)

Current 401(k) + Profit Sharing Only

 Plan Design   Total Firm Contribution   To Partners   To Staff   Approx. Partner Deduction 
 401(k) + PS   $100,000   $85,000   $15,000   $85,000 

After Adding a Cash Balance Plan

 Plan Design  Total Firm Contribution   To Partners  To Staff  Approx. Partner Deduction 
 401(k) + PS + CB Plan   $415,000   $400,000   $15,000   $400,000 

The staff cost doesn’t rise.

The firm’s total spending increases modestly.

Partner deductions multiply nearly fivefold.

How a Cash Balance Plan Reframes the Equation

A CB plan operates under a different IRS framework than a 401(k). It allows:

  • Age-weighted contributions
  • Employer-funded benefits
  • Annual deductible contributions often between $100,000 and $350,000+ per partner

If your firm is already contributing 10–15% of staff payroll to profit sharing, you’ve already funded the employee side of the CB plan.

What changes is not cost—but contribution potential.

The Shift From Contribution Limits to Contribution Potential

Typical partner contribution limits:

  • 401(k) + Profit Sharing: ~ $66,000–$73,500
  • Cash Balance Plan: often $150,000–$350,000+, depending on age and income

The staff portion stays roughly the same.

The partner portion increases dramatically.

Compliance remains intact.

Turning Compliance Into Strategy

The same dollars that once served as a fixed compliance expense now become the key to a high-impact tax strategy.

For partners in 32% or 37% brackets, every additional dollar contributed:

  • cuts taxable income
  • Accelerates retirement savings

Law firm economics—steady revenue and predictable margins—make this design especially effective.

How Layering a CB Plan Works

A layered structure keeps your 401(k) intact and adds a second channel for employer contributions:

Layer 1: 401(k) deferrals + profit sharing

Layer 2: Cash Balance Plan employer contributions

Because the staff requirements are already met through the 401(k) profit sharing, the CB plan directs the majority of new contributions to partners.

This creates a structure where:

  • Total firm spending is stable and predictable
  • Partner contributions increase severalfold
  • IRS compliance remains strong

Reframing the Cost Conversation

Most skeptics say:

“We can’t afford that.”

But once the numbers are shown, partners realize:

“We’re already paying for this.”

A firm contributing $100,000 to profit sharing—$15,000 of which goes to staff—is already funding the inclusion requirement for a CB plan. With proper design, partners could contribute an additional $300,000–$400,000 per year, fully deductible.

This is not an added expense.

This is improved efficiency.

The Equity Advantage

A CB plan restores balance in a way 401(k)s cannot. In a 401(k):

    • Staff contributions can represent a proportionally large share of total spend
    • Partners hit the same IRS limits as junior employees
    • High earners often end up with capped benefits

A Cash Balance Plan corrects this by:

    • Linking contributions to both age and compensation
    • Allowing multiple partner benefit tiers
    • Rewarding tenure and ownership in proportion to economic value

Staff benefits remain competitive.

Partner benefits finally reflect contribution and responsibility.

How Much Are You Leaving on the Table?

Your firm is already investing in staff retirement benefits each year. Those dollars fund the foundation of a Cash Balance Plan, but:

Without proper design, you receive none of the upside.

A short review can reveal:

  • How your profit-sharing dollars already meet CB plan requirements
  • How much additional partner contribution potential exists
  • How much tax reduction is possible within the same or similar budget

This isn’t a sales pitch.

It’s a diagnostic.

And most firms are shocked by what the math shows.

You’re Paying for It. Are You Getting the Return?

You already fund employee benefits. The only question left is:

How much of that investment is working for you?

Request Your Cash Balance Plan Review

See how your existing dollars could produce significantly greater tax savings and partner benefits.

Disclosure: The information provided on this website is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not intended as legal, tax, or investment advice. Actual tax savings will vary based on your individual circumstances, including filing status, income level, existing retirement plans, and other deductions. Cash Balance Plans and other retirement strategies must be carefully structured and administered to comply with IRS regulations. You should consult with a qualified tax advisor, financial planner, and/or pension specialist before implementing any strategy discussed here.